TY - JOUR
T1 - A comparison of the cardiometabolic profile of black South Africans with suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and excessive alcohol use
AU - Zatu, Mandlenkosi Caswell
AU - van Rooyen, Johannes Marthinus
AU - Loots, Du Toit
AU - Greeff, Minrie
AU - Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This work was supported by the South Africa Netherlands Research Programme on Alternatives in Development, South African National Research Foundation [GUN numbers 2069139 and FA2006040700010 ], North-West University , Roche Diagnostics South Africa , Population Health Research Institute and South African Medical Research Council . Lastly, we thank South Africa's National Research Fund (NRF) Thuthuka grant for financial assistance provided in carrying out this study.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier Inc..
Copyright:
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/3/1
Y1 - 2015/3/1
N2 - Excessive alcohol use and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are putative cardiovascular disease risk factors. In order to ease the identification of these conditions on primary health care level, we aimed to determine and compare the demographic and cardiometabolic characteristics of excessive alcohol users and those with suspected NAFLD in black South Africans. In the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study (North West Province, South Africa, N=2021, collected in 2005) we selected 338 participants, namely: 1) alcohol users (N=143) reporting 'yes' to alcohol intake, with high gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) ≥80 U/L and a percentage carbohydrate deficient transferrin (%CDT) ≥2%; 2) non-alcohol users (N=127) self-reporting 'no' to alcohol intake with GGT ≤30 U/L and %CDT ≤2%; and 3) NAFLD group (N=68) who were non-drinkers with GGT levels≥60U/L and %CDT≤2%. The demographics indicated that the alcohol users were mostly men (73%) with a body mass index (BMI) of 19.8 (15.2-27.3) kg/m2, 90% of which were smokers. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) of alcohol users significantly correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (β=0.24; p=0.003) and waist circumference (WC) (β=0.22; p=0.006). Non-alcohol users were mostly women (84%) with a BMI of 26.0 (18.0-39.2) kg/m2 and blood pressure in this group related positively with triglycerides. The NAFLD group were also mostly women (72%) with a comparatively larger WC (p<0.001) and an adverse metabolic profile (total cholesterol: 5.55±1.69mmol/L; glycosylated hemoglobin: 6.03 (4.70-9.40) %). Diastolic blood pressure in the NAFLD group associated positively with WC (β=0.27; p=0.018). We therefore found disparate gender and cardiometabolic profiles of black South Africans with suspected NAFLD and excessive alcohol use. The described profiles may aid health care practitioners in low resource settings when using these crude screening measures of gender, obesity indices (and self-reported alcohol use) to identify individuals at risk.
AB - Excessive alcohol use and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are putative cardiovascular disease risk factors. In order to ease the identification of these conditions on primary health care level, we aimed to determine and compare the demographic and cardiometabolic characteristics of excessive alcohol users and those with suspected NAFLD in black South Africans. In the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study (North West Province, South Africa, N=2021, collected in 2005) we selected 338 participants, namely: 1) alcohol users (N=143) reporting 'yes' to alcohol intake, with high gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) ≥80 U/L and a percentage carbohydrate deficient transferrin (%CDT) ≥2%; 2) non-alcohol users (N=127) self-reporting 'no' to alcohol intake with GGT ≤30 U/L and %CDT ≤2%; and 3) NAFLD group (N=68) who were non-drinkers with GGT levels≥60U/L and %CDT≤2%. The demographics indicated that the alcohol users were mostly men (73%) with a body mass index (BMI) of 19.8 (15.2-27.3) kg/m2, 90% of which were smokers. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) of alcohol users significantly correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (β=0.24; p=0.003) and waist circumference (WC) (β=0.22; p=0.006). Non-alcohol users were mostly women (84%) with a BMI of 26.0 (18.0-39.2) kg/m2 and blood pressure in this group related positively with triglycerides. The NAFLD group were also mostly women (72%) with a comparatively larger WC (p<0.001) and an adverse metabolic profile (total cholesterol: 5.55±1.69mmol/L; glycosylated hemoglobin: 6.03 (4.70-9.40) %). Diastolic blood pressure in the NAFLD group associated positively with WC (β=0.27; p=0.018). We therefore found disparate gender and cardiometabolic profiles of black South Africans with suspected NAFLD and excessive alcohol use. The described profiles may aid health care practitioners in low resource settings when using these crude screening measures of gender, obesity indices (and self-reported alcohol use) to identify individuals at risk.
KW - Blood pressure
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - High-density lipoprotein cholesterol
KW - Hypertension
KW - Low socio economic status
KW - Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84924937916&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.11.002
DO - 10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.11.002
M3 - Article
C2 - 25543202
SN - 0741-8329
VL - 49
SP - 165
EP - 172
JO - Alcohol
JF - Alcohol
IS - 2
ER -
