Clinicopathological report on epidermoid cysts of the brain: A case series and literature review from an African perspective

Introduction: Epidermoid cysts are rare benign lesions of the central nervous system which accounts for approximately 1–2 % of all intracranial tumours. They are commonly located in the parasellar region, cerebellopontine angle; however, brain parenchyma origin is rare. We report clinicopathological features of these rare lesions. Method and material: This is a retrospective study of epidermoid cyst of the brain diagnosed between 01 January 2014 and 31 December 2020. Results: The four patients had mean age of 30,8 years (range: 3–63), one male and 3 females. All four patients presented with headache and one associated with seizures. Radiological images showed two posterior fossa; each occipital and temporal locations. All tumours were successfully removed and histopathological assessment confirmed epidermoid cysts. All patients showed clinical improvement and were discharged home. Conclusion: Epidermoid cysts of the brain are rare and still remain a preoperative clinico-radiological conundrum as they may be indistinguishable from other intracranial tumours. Therefore, collaboration with histopathologists is advised in the management of these cases.