CUBIC-QUARTIC OPTICAL SOLITONS WITH KUDRYASHOV’S LAW OF SELF-PHASE MODULATION

This study aims to investigate cubic-quartic optical solitons with Kudryashov’s law of self-phase modulation. Thus, the combination of third-order dispersion (3OD) and fourth-order dispersion (4OD) is assumed in the model to ensure the smooth existence of solitons. The study is implemented with the aid of two effective integration schemes known as the improved projective Riccati equations method and the soliton ansatz technique. The soliton solutions are derived based on two physical cases targeting the relation between 3OD and 4OD. In case 3OD is equivalent to fourfold frequency times 4OD, only dark and singular soliton profiles are extracted. However, if the former relation is not achieved, various structures of soliton pulses are generated, including kink-dark, singular, W-shaped, bright, dark, kink, and anti-kink solitons. The physical interpretations of retrieved optical solitons are represented by illustrating the wave behaviors with suitable values of model parameters. The results show that the combination of 3OD and 4OD has a significant effect on the dynamics of soliton propagation.