TY - JOUR
T1 - Investigating the impact of captivity and domestication on limb bone cortical morphology
T2 - an experimental approach using a wild boar model
AU - Harbers, Hugo
AU - Zanolli, Clement
AU - Cazenave, Marine
AU - Theil, Jean Christophe
AU - Ortiz, Katia
AU - Blanc, Barbara
AU - Locatelli, Yann
AU - Schafberg, Renate
AU - Lecompte, Francois
AU - Baly, Isabelle
AU - Laurens, Flavie
AU - Callou, Cécile
AU - Herrel, Anthony
AU - Puymerail, Laurent
AU - Cucchi, Thomas
N1 - Funding Information:
This paper is dedicated to the memory of our colleague and friend Laurent Puymerail (1983–2015). This research has been funded by the ANR, through the Domexp project (ANR-13-JSH3-0003-01), the LabEx ANR-10-LABX-0003-BCDiv, in the programme ‘Investissements d’avenir’ ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02 and the project Emergence SU-19-3-EMRG-02. This research has also benefited from financial supports of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (Paris) and the CNRS INEE (Institut écologie et environnement). We are most grateful to the director (Roland Simon) of the Réserve Zoologique de la Haute-Touche and its staff (Christophe Audureau, Jérémy Bernard, Jérémy Coignet, Christophe Jubert, Fabien Kurek, Sandrine Laloux, Emmanuel Marechal, Régis Rabier, Patrick Roux, Colin Vion) for their help during the set-up of the experimental structures and during the data acquisition, and the care they provided to the experimental specimens. We thank the technical team (Frédéric Elbout, Christian Moussu and Luc Perrigouard) at the CIRE platform at the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE) for their support during the CT acquisition and the handling of animals. We are most grateful to Silvio Brandt and the CT team at the University Hospital Halle/Saale. We would like to thank Jill Cucchi for the copy editing of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).
PY - 2020/12/1
Y1 - 2020/12/1
N2 - The lack of bone morphological markers associated with the human control of wild animals has prevented the documentation of incipient animal domestication in archaeology. Here, we assess whether direct environmental changes (i.e. mobility reduction) could immediately affect ontogenetic changes in long bone structure, providing a skeletal marker of early domestication. We relied on a wild boar experimental model, analysing 24 wild-born specimens raised in captivity from 6 months to 2 years old. The shaft cortical thickness of their humerus was measured using a 3D morphometric mapping approach and compared with 23 free-ranging wild boars and 22 pigs from different breeds, taking into account sex, mass and muscle force differences. In wild boars we found that captivity induced an increase in cortical bone volume and muscle force, and a topographic change of cortical thickness associated with muscular expression along a phenotypic trajectory that differed from the divergence induced by selective breeding. These results provide an experimental proof of concept that changes in locomotor behaviour and selective breeding might be inferred from long bones morphology in the fossil and archaeological record. These trends need to be explored in the archaeological record and further studies are required to explore the developmental changes behind these plastic responses.
AB - The lack of bone morphological markers associated with the human control of wild animals has prevented the documentation of incipient animal domestication in archaeology. Here, we assess whether direct environmental changes (i.e. mobility reduction) could immediately affect ontogenetic changes in long bone structure, providing a skeletal marker of early domestication. We relied on a wild boar experimental model, analysing 24 wild-born specimens raised in captivity from 6 months to 2 years old. The shaft cortical thickness of their humerus was measured using a 3D morphometric mapping approach and compared with 23 free-ranging wild boars and 22 pigs from different breeds, taking into account sex, mass and muscle force differences. In wild boars we found that captivity induced an increase in cortical bone volume and muscle force, and a topographic change of cortical thickness associated with muscular expression along a phenotypic trajectory that differed from the divergence induced by selective breeding. These results provide an experimental proof of concept that changes in locomotor behaviour and selective breeding might be inferred from long bones morphology in the fossil and archaeological record. These trends need to be explored in the archaeological record and further studies are required to explore the developmental changes behind these plastic responses.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85094936968&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-020-75496-6
DO - 10.1038/s41598-020-75496-6
M3 - Article
C2 - 33149160
AN - SCOPUS:85094936968
VL - 10
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
SN - 2045-2322
IS - 1
M1 - 19070
ER -