TY - JOUR
T1 - Molecular characterisation of a rare reassortant porcine-like g5p[6] rotavirus strain detected in an unvaccinated child in Kasama, Zambia
AU - Maringa, Wairimu M.
AU - Mwangi, Peter N.
AU - Simwaka, Julia
AU - Mpabalwani, Evans M.
AU - Mwenda, Jason M.
AU - Peenze, Ina
AU - Esona, Mathew D.
AU - Jeffrey Mphahlele, M.
AU - Seheri, Mapaseka L.
AU - Nyaga, Martin M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was principally funded by a grant awarded to M.M.N. by the World Health Organization (agreement number: UFS-AGR17-000378). Other sources of funding that supported the study were grants awarded to M.M.N.: the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF-OPP1180423_2017), South African Medical Research Foundation through the Self-Initiated Research grant (SAMRC-SIR), National Research Foundation (NRF-120814), and a grant from the Poliomyelitis Research Foundation (PRF-19/95). We greatly thank the Zambia team who assisted with sample collection and ELISA testing. We would like to thank Khutso Mothapo, Kebareng Rakau, and Nonkululeko Magagula at the WHO-RRL (Pretoria, South Africa) who assisted with the retrieval of samples. We would also like to thank Sebotsana Rasebotsa, Milton Mogotsi, Emmanuel Ayodeji, Teboho Mooko, and Gilmore Pambuka for their assistance with laboratory work. We are grateful to Stephanus Riekert for technical ICT support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2020/8
Y1 - 2020/8
N2 - A human-porcine reassortant strain, RVA/Human-wt/ZMB/UFS-NGS-MRC-DPRU4723/2014/G5P[6], was identified in a sample collected in 2014 from an unvaccinated 12 month old male hospitalised for gastroenteritis in Zambia. We sequenced and characterised the complete genome of this strain which presented the constellation: G5-P[6]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1. The genotype A8 is often observed in porcine strains. Phylogenetic analyses showed that VP6, VP7, NSP2, NSP4, and NSP5 genes were closely related to cognate gene sequences of porcine strains (e.g., RVA/Pig-wt/CHN/DZ-2/2013/G5P[X] for VP7) from the NCBI database, while VP1, VP3, VP4, and NSP3 were closely related to porcine-like human strains (e.g., RVA/Human-wt/CHN/E931/2008/G4P[6] for VP1, and VP3). On the other hand, the origin of the VP2 was not clear from our analyses, as it was not only close to both porcine (e.g., RVA/Pig-tc/CHN/SWU-1C/2018/G9P[13]) and porcine-like human strains (e.g., RVA/Human-wt/LKA/R1207/2009/G4P[6]) but also to three human strains (e.g., RVA/Human-wt/USA/1476/1974/G1P[8]). The VP7 gene was located in lineage II that comprised only porcine strains, which suggests the occurrence of independent porcine-to-human reassortment events. The study strain may have collectively been derived through interspecies transmission, or through reassortment event(s) involving strains of porcine and porcine-like human origin. The results of this study underline the importance of whole-genome characterisation of rotavirus strains and provide insights into interspecies transmissions from porcine to humans.
AB - A human-porcine reassortant strain, RVA/Human-wt/ZMB/UFS-NGS-MRC-DPRU4723/2014/G5P[6], was identified in a sample collected in 2014 from an unvaccinated 12 month old male hospitalised for gastroenteritis in Zambia. We sequenced and characterised the complete genome of this strain which presented the constellation: G5-P[6]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1. The genotype A8 is often observed in porcine strains. Phylogenetic analyses showed that VP6, VP7, NSP2, NSP4, and NSP5 genes were closely related to cognate gene sequences of porcine strains (e.g., RVA/Pig-wt/CHN/DZ-2/2013/G5P[X] for VP7) from the NCBI database, while VP1, VP3, VP4, and NSP3 were closely related to porcine-like human strains (e.g., RVA/Human-wt/CHN/E931/2008/G4P[6] for VP1, and VP3). On the other hand, the origin of the VP2 was not clear from our analyses, as it was not only close to both porcine (e.g., RVA/Pig-tc/CHN/SWU-1C/2018/G9P[13]) and porcine-like human strains (e.g., RVA/Human-wt/LKA/R1207/2009/G4P[6]) but also to three human strains (e.g., RVA/Human-wt/USA/1476/1974/G1P[8]). The VP7 gene was located in lineage II that comprised only porcine strains, which suggests the occurrence of independent porcine-to-human reassortment events. The study strain may have collectively been derived through interspecies transmission, or through reassortment event(s) involving strains of porcine and porcine-like human origin. The results of this study underline the importance of whole-genome characterisation of rotavirus strains and provide insights into interspecies transmissions from porcine to humans.
KW - Genotype constellation
KW - Interspecies transmission
KW - Porcine
KW - Porcine-like human
KW - Reassortment
KW - Whole-genome
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85090370093&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/pathogens9080663
DO - 10.3390/pathogens9080663
M3 - Article
C2 - 32824526
AN - SCOPUS:85090370093
SN - 2076-0817
VL - 9
SP - 1
EP - 22
JO - Pathogens
JF - Pathogens
IS - 8
M1 - 663
ER -