Nanomaterial-Based Precision Medicine for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

There has been a recent paradigm shift among scientists concerning the development of novel anticancer diagnostic and treatment agents. The interest lies in the utilization of nanomedicine which has triggered significant attention in cancer research. At present, nanomedicine has transformed the current landscape of science through the use of numerous nanoformulations not only in cancer diagnosis but also in treatment. Nanoformulations including but not limited to polymeric, lipidic, metallic, crystal, and quantum dots nanomaterials have been demonstrated to play a pivotal role in circumventing major challenges associated with anticancer medications such as targeting cancer cells and reducing side effects. The use of nanomaterials in cancer is largely attributed to their distinct tunable features such as small size, improved drug loading, high sensitivity, high surface area-to-volume ratio, and site specificity, all of which are key in the development of next-generation antitumoural formulations. Additionally, the versatility of these nanomedicine formulations extends to the overall improvement of the bioavailability of antitumoural medicines. Consequently, researchers are investigating the potential use of nanomaterials in oncology to improve tumor diagnosis and treatment. This article focuses on the potential role of nanomedicines in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment using polymeric, lipidic, metallic, organic, quantum dot nanomaterials which are promising for innovant therapies and personalized nanomedicine.