TY - JOUR
T1 - The role of human shield in prey, crop-raiders and top predator species in southwestern Ethiopia’s coffee forests
T2 - a modeling study
AU - Thirthar, Ashraf Adnan
AU - Jawad, Shireen
AU - Panja, Prabir
AU - Mukheimer, Aiman
AU - Abdeljawad, Thabet
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025, International Scientific Research Publications. All rights reserved.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - In this work, we have developed a model that describes the relationships between top predators (such as tigers, hyenas, and others), crop raiders (such as baboons, warthogs, and deer), and prey (such as deer) in the coffee forests of southwest Ethiopia. Various potential equilibrium points are identified. Additionally, the model’s stability in the vicinity of these equilibrium points is examined. An investigation of the model’s Hopf bifurcation is conducted concerning several significant parameters. It is found that prey species may be extinct due to a lower growth rate and consumption by top predators in the absence of human interference in the carrying capacity of prey. It is observed that top predators may be extinct due to human interference in their carrying capacity and their smaller dependence on humans in terms of prey and crop raiders, respectively. It is also found that there is an increase in intra-species competition among the top predators, which may intensify the stability of the model. Again, it is also observed that the increase in the intrinsic growth rate of prey and top predators may improve the stability of the model. Lastly, some numerical simulation results have been shown to help visualize the model’s dynamics.
AB - In this work, we have developed a model that describes the relationships between top predators (such as tigers, hyenas, and others), crop raiders (such as baboons, warthogs, and deer), and prey (such as deer) in the coffee forests of southwest Ethiopia. Various potential equilibrium points are identified. Additionally, the model’s stability in the vicinity of these equilibrium points is examined. An investigation of the model’s Hopf bifurcation is conducted concerning several significant parameters. It is found that prey species may be extinct due to a lower growth rate and consumption by top predators in the absence of human interference in the carrying capacity of prey. It is observed that top predators may be extinct due to human interference in their carrying capacity and their smaller dependence on humans in terms of prey and crop raiders, respectively. It is also found that there is an increase in intra-species competition among the top predators, which may intensify the stability of the model. Again, it is also observed that the increase in the intrinsic growth rate of prey and top predators may improve the stability of the model. Lastly, some numerical simulation results have been shown to help visualize the model’s dynamics.
KW - Hopf bifurcation
KW - Human shield
KW - numerical simulation
KW - prey-predator model
KW - stability analysis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85202178765&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.22436/jmcs.036.03.08
DO - 10.22436/jmcs.036.03.08
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85202178765
SN - 2008-949X
VL - 36
SP - 333
EP - 351
JO - Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science
JF - Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science
IS - 3
ER -