The role of human shield in prey, crop-raiders and top predator species in southwestern Ethiopia’s coffee forests: a modeling study

Ashraf Adnan Thirthar*, Shireen Jawad, Prabir Panja, Aiman Mukheimer, Thabet Abdeljawad

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

In this work, we have developed a model that describes the relationships between top predators (such as tigers, hyenas, and others), crop raiders (such as baboons, warthogs, and deer), and prey (such as deer) in the coffee forests of southwest Ethiopia. Various potential equilibrium points are identified. Additionally, the model’s stability in the vicinity of these equilibrium points is examined. An investigation of the model’s Hopf bifurcation is conducted concerning several significant parameters. It is found that prey species may be extinct due to a lower growth rate and consumption by top predators in the absence of human interference in the carrying capacity of prey. It is observed that top predators may be extinct due to human interference in their carrying capacity and their smaller dependence on humans in terms of prey and crop raiders, respectively. It is also found that there is an increase in intra-species competition among the top predators, which may intensify the stability of the model. Again, it is also observed that the increase in the intrinsic growth rate of prey and top predators may improve the stability of the model. Lastly, some numerical simulation results have been shown to help visualize the model’s dynamics.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)333-351
Number of pages19
JournalJournal of Mathematics and Computer Science
Volume36
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2024
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Hopf bifurcation
  • Human shield
  • numerical simulation
  • prey-predator model
  • stability analysis

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