@article{580a81d750804e7eaa5078c0ad691266,
title = "Whole genome in-silico analysis of south african G1P[8] rotavirus strains before and after vaccine introduction over a period of 14 years",
abstract = "Rotavirus G1P[8] strains account for more than half of the group A rotavirus (RVA) infections in children under five years of age, globally. A total of 103 stool samples previously characterized as G1P[8] and collected seven years before and seven years after introducing the Rotarix{\textregistered} vaccine in South Africa were processed for whole-genome sequencing. All the strains analyzed had a Wa-like constellation (G1-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1). South African preand post-vaccine G1 strains were clustered in G1 lineage-I and II while the majority (84.2%) of the P[8] strains were grouped in P[8] lineage-III. Several amino acid sites across ten gene segments with the exception of VP7 were under positive selective pressure. Except for the N147D substitution in the antigenic site of eight post-vaccine G1 strains when compared to both Rotarix{\textregistered} and pre-vaccine strains, most of the amino acid substitutions in the antigenic regions of post-vaccine G1P[8] strains were already present during the pre-vaccine period. Therefore, Rotarix{\textregistered} did not appear to have an impact on the amino acid differences in the antigenic regions of South African post-vaccine G1P[8] strains. However, continued whole-genome surveillance of RVA strains to decipher genetic changes in the post-vaccine period remains imperative.",
keywords = "Evolution, Lineages, Rotavirus strains, Wa-like constellation, Whole-genome",
author = "Mwangi, {Peter N.} and Mogotsi, {Milton T.} and Seheri, {Mapaseka L.} and Mphahlele, {M. Jeffrey} and Ina Peenze and Esona, {Mathew D.} and Benjamin Kumwenda and Steele, {A. Duncan} and Kirkwood, {Carl D.} and Ndze, {Valantine N.} and Dennis, {Francis E.} and Jere, {Khuzwayo C.} and Nyaga, {Martin M.}",
note = "Funding Information: Funding: This research was principally funded by a grant awarded to M.M.N, K.C.J, F.E.D., and V.N.N by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF-OPP1180423_2017). Other funding grants awarded to M.M.N. that funded this research include the South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) through the Self-Initiated Research grant (SIR), Poliomyelitis Research Foundation (PRF-19/16), and National Research Foundation (NRF-120814). K.C.J. was supported by a Wellcome Training Fellowship, number 201945/Z/16/Z. Funding Information: This research was principally funded by a grant awarded to M.M.N, K.C.J, F.E.D., and V.N.N by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF-OPP1180423_2017). Other funding grants awarded to M.M.N. that funded this research include the South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) through the Self-Initiated Research grant (SIR), Poliomyelitis Research Foundation (PRF-19/16), and National Research Foundation (NRF- 120814). K.C.J. was supported by a Wellcome Training Fellowship, number 201945/Z/16/Z. We would like to acknowledge the assistance in retrieving the archival stool samples by Khutso Mothapo, Kebareng Rakau, and Nonkululeko Magagula at the WHO-RRL in Pretoria, South Africa. Assistance in performing laboratory work by Sebotsana Rasebotsa, Lesedi Mosime, Gilmore Pambuka, Emmanuel Ayodeji, and Teboho Mooko. Guidance by Felicity Burt as the Ph.D co-Supervisor of P.N.M is also acknowledged. The provision of technical ICT support by Stephanus Riekert is duly acknowledged. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 by the authors.",
year = "2020",
month = dec,
doi = "10.3390/vaccines8040609",
language = "English",
volume = "8",
pages = "1--20",
journal = "Vaccines",
issn = "2076-393X",
publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute",
number = "4",
}